Improvement in sewing-m ach ines



No 86,256. PATENTED AUG, 19, 1862. J. s. MGGURDY. SEWING MACHINE 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 PATENTED AUG.19, 1862.

In Yen 21:7 fW/ f fi ZSHEBTS-BHEBT 2.

J s MQGURDY SEWING MACHINE,

UNITE STATES PATENT. OF ICE.

JAMES s. .MocUnDnoF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AssIoNoR TO WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK em.

IMPROVEMENT INSEWING-MA CHINES.

' Specilicntion forming part'ot' Letters Patent No. 36,256, dated August IQLG'Z.

To all 10. mm it may concern.-

Be it Known that T, Jaw/res S. MoCUR.DY,.of Brooklyk; in the county of Kings and State-of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my invention,

-reference being had to'thcaccompanying draw ings, in which-.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a sewing machine embodying my improvements.- Fig. 2 represents a plan of the same. Fig. 3 represents an end elevation of the machine. .Fig. 4 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of thcanachinc at theaxis of the shuttle. Fig; 5 represents a plan of a per tion of the machine with the table-plate removed. Fig. 6 representsthe same with the thread-gr nd, shuttle, and bobbin removed.

Fig. -7 represents :tplan of the shuttle ofthe stantial] y in the same manner as the ordinary.

needle and reciprocatingshuttle machines, but shall hold-thebohbin oilshnttle or second thread practically stationary, and shall also have the advantage of operating the passage of the shuttle-thread thro'ughthe loops of needle-thread with a rotary motion continually in one direction, so that there shall be no changes '11 the direction of the motion of the shuttle.

. To this end the first part of my invention consists in the combination of reciprocating eye-pointed needle for carrying one thread with arotating hojok' pointed shuttle (or its equivalent for extending the loop of "needlethread and passingit over thebobbin of secondthread) bymeans of multiple gearing in such'mannei" that the shuttle is caused to revolve two or more times faster than the crank- "pin or its equivalent, for operating the needle,

so that the loop of needle-thread carried round the body of the bobbin shall be extended tolts greatest dimensions and freed before the needle rises to its highest point, and in time to permit the stitch to be drawn tight during the ascent of the needle, notwithstanding the rotation of the" shuttle with uniform speed, the revolution of the shuttle being thus a multiple of that of the needle crank-pin or its equivalent.

The second part of my invention consists in combining a spool-bobbin with a rotating shuttle or its equivalent by means of a central spindle, so that the bobbin is maintained in a central position within the rotating shuttle.

The third part of my invention consists in combining with a rotating'shuttle a threadtension forthe shuttle-thread, which remains ,ti ally as described, a positivetake-np operated by a rock-shaft ofthe needle mechanism to take up the slack ncedle t-hread and hold it when the stitch is being drawn tight, so that the employment of a cam to operate the take up in this class of sewing-imichines is. dispensed with.

The object of the sixth part of myinvention is to obviate the use of a cam-motion for operating 'the needle in a rotatin-gshnttle machine,

and consists in combining together the membersfor operating the needle with the main rotating shaft of the machine by means of a iranlc or eccentric, in connection with the combination of the spindle for driving the rotating shuttle with the same main shaft by, means of multiple gearing.

The object of the seventh part of my invention is to simplify the construction of a rotating-shuttle machine and lessen the friction thereof, and consists in locating the shuttle over the head of a spindle and driving it a driver secured to said spindle; so that spindle and shuttle rotate iinnnison.

All the parts of my invention are embodied in the sewing-machine represented in the accompanying drawings. In this machine the needle is caused to reciprocate by means of a; revolving crank -pin, andthe shaft A; thatearries this crank-pin b,'revolves in two hangers,

mounted in the'usual inanner'in a needle-bar,

E, which slides in guides'in the'head F- of the needle-arm. In order that it may receive the proper-reciprocating movement the needlebar E 1s connected by a connecting-rod, G,

with an arm, H, which projects from a'r'ockshaft, A, and this rock-shaft is fitted with a second arm, H, upon which the revolving crank-pin b operates through the intervention of a connecting-rod, G. The needle is eyepointed in the usual manner, and carri'es the needle-thread, which is thrown out laterally from the needle in its ascent in the ordinary manner of reciprocating-shuttle machines.

The rotating shuttle J is sunk in'asocket in the bed-plate I, wherein it is supported by the head of the shuttle-spindle K. The head of the shuttle-spindle is fitted with a pin-driver, a, which engages loosely in a recess, e, in the rim of the shuttle, so that the shuttle is caused to rotate in the shuttle-socket by the revolution of the shuttlespindle, and, as in this instance the shuttle=spindle is vertical, the shuttie in revolving moves in a horizontal plane, as is the usual arrangement in reciprocatingshnttle machines.

Theshuttle driver fits loosely in the recess in the shuttle, so; that the needle-thread can passfreely round the shuttle between it and the wall oi the' recess. The shuttle is fitted with a hook-formedpoint, 0, so that the loop of needle-thread, in which the point of the shuttle is entered, is drawn out by the rotation of the shuttle, and thereby extended, one of its members during this operation passing over the shuttle, and theother between itand the head of the shuttle-spindle. The shuttle-spindle is caused to revolve by the revolution of the main shaft A through the intervention'of a pair of beveled wheels; and in order that the first and second parts of my invention may be embodied in this machine, the cog-wheels are so proportioned that the shuttle-spindle K re volves three times as fast as the main shaft A; hence the speed of therotating shuttlecis a multiple of the speed! of the needle, and-the.

multiple is in this instance three. 1 It is not essential that the multiple should be three, as two our four will answer; but the shuttlespeed must be 'aiiexaet multiple of the. needle speed, in order-that the shuttle-point may always be r in the proper ,positionto enter each loop-of the needle-thread presented by the needle. A

speed of three to-one'is well suited to cause the shuttle to operate advantageously in accordance with the first part of my mvention.

' In order to form the loop of needle-thread for the entrance of the point of the shuttle, the

' movements of the needle and shuttle-point are so relatively timedthat the need e is raised sufficiently-to throw out a loop of needlethread from its side-by the time the shuttle-point in ts rotation passes by the needle.

- order to prevent the inisplacement 'ot' the loop of needle-thread, or, in other words, to cause it to stand ofl fromthe needleerosswisc to the track of the shuttle-point, a threadguard-1s provided. This thread-guard consists in this instance of a ring, L, sli.t at the s de next to the needle, to' form a kerf or slot to receive the loop of needle-thread protruded dle-eye isdrawn. As this shoulder is nearly in the track ofthe needle, the needle-thread drawn across it does not tend to pull the neeshoulder also'tends to hold' the loop down from a straight line extendedfrom the point of the shuttle to the place where the thread passes through the cloth, and facilitates the passage of the shuttle through the loop.

The shuttle -contains within it the bobbin-m of second thread. This bobbin has the form of a spool. Its'tubular body fits upon the spindie of the bobbin-cap r, to which the bFBbinthread tension t is secured, and the spindle of the bobbin-cap is tubular, and is fitted on lspindle, w,.that projects upward in 'the center of the shuttle. This spindle is the spindle by which the bobbin is maintained in a central position within the shuttle. The bobbi ncap 1- supportsthebobbin-threadtension t,whichconsists in this instance of a doubled wire, around which the bobbinthread is coiled a suflieient ed. The bobbin turns to: unwind thread as fast as the'thread is sewed up, and, as it is centered within the shuttle by its shuttle-spindle,

itsedges do notjcome in contact with the interior of the shuttle and generatefriction,which, tending to rotate the bobbin,would affect the tension of the bobbin-thread. In the machine represented'the bobbin-spindle does not 'turn directly on the'cap-spindle, but upon asleeve runningloosely on the latter. The shuttle is surmounted bya' removable plate, n, which closesth orifice in the table-plate T, through 4 which: the bobbin is inserted and withdrawn, v and also prevents the rise of the bobbin by the drag of the thread.

Inthe operation of the machine the needle carrying a loop of needle-thread in its eye is protrudedthrough the'cloth in the usual manner, and is then retracted. As it retract-sthc, cloth prevents the thread from withdrawing with the needle, an d therefore causes the thread to bulge out laterally into the kcrf of the threadguard and fornra loop. to be entered by the shuttle point. The passage of the shuttle -through the loop requires a considerable 'eftension of it, and when the loop is liberated it constitutes slack thread which must be taken up and held in order that the stitch may be drawn tight during the ascent of the needle. "ln-orderitc take up this slack thread, and also to yield out thread to form the loop for the passage of the second thread, Ihave combined a positive thread take-up with-"the needle and;

shuttle in such manner that the take-up is operated by the rock-shaft of the-needle mechanism. This take-up consists of an arm, M,

which projects from a sleeve, P, mounted; upon. theneedle rock-shaft A,.- and has an eye in its end, through which the-thread is passed. The arm M is pressed against the face of the needle-arm headby a spring, N, which tends to hold it in its raised. position, so that the arm does not descend with the needle. Its sleeve I has a slot in it," and a pin, 12, issecured to the needle rock-shaft A insuch a position'with reference to this slot that during the rise of the 'needle the pincarried by the rock-shaft strikes the end ofthe slot and turns upthe needle to-its highest position;

The needle-thread proceeding from the thread-- tension is passed through the eye of .the arm,

- and thence downward through a fixed eye, k. It is then returned through the eyeof the arm,

and thence passed'to the needle-eye; f hence when the needle descends, the needle eye slips down the thread .to the cloth, and then, as the needle protrudes the thread through the cloth, the'arm M, yielding to the downward'drag on the thread, descends and gives off threadas required. During the-first part of the retrac 'end of the slot of the sleeve .P,'and, turning up the lever, takes up the slackthread positively. The arm Mthus constitutes a positive take-up for the needlethread, and also lets ofi' slackthread a's required, and, as it is operated by the rock-shaft of the needle mechanism, the employment of a cam to operate the take-up,

' in this class of machines is dispensed with.

The sewing-machine thus far described is provided with a thread-tensi on and support for the needle-thread. and also with a feed mechanism and presser ibot but as these consti tute no part of my present.- i uvention it is not deemed necessary to describe them particularl'y. The horizontal position of the bobbin in my machine, although not essential to. the success of the invention, is advantageous, it enables it to be inserted and withdrawn more conveniently than if the bobbin and shuttle were set on edge. It also makes the pressure of the shuttle'u nm its support.- uniform.

I am aware that shuttles traveling round in a circular shuttle-race have been. combined With a reciprocating needle, as in the Lerow & Blodget machine; but my first combination differs ,from that, among other things, in the respect. that I use a difierent kind of shuttle, which rotates on an axis, while in the preceding combination the shuttle revolvesin a circular race. Moreover, my invention enables me to use a flat bobbin holding itiarge amount of thread. It also obviates the necessity of drawing out a large amount of sla k shuttle thread, (equal about to thediameter of the circular shuttle-race,) as my bobbin, although turning to give off thread, always maintains the same position, or, in other words, is practically stationary. 0n the other hand, I am aware that areciprocatingneedle has been comined with a rotating hook to extend the loop of needlethread and passrit over a, bobbin.

which is practicallystationary, as in thewelh known 'Wheeler & \Vilson machines; but my first combination difi'ers from them, among other things, in the respect that in mine the motion of the shuttle is sufiiciently fast to free the loop of needle-threadin time to permit each stitch to be drawn tight during the formation. of that stitch, while inthem the hook is operated so slowly that the stitch is drawn tightby'the extension ,of the loop dnring'the fiist part ofthe formation of the next succeeding stitch.

.- I am also aware'that a reciprocating needle has been combined with a rotating shuttle, moved alternately fast and slow, as in the Bond machine; but my machine difi'ers from that in various particulars, and, among others, in the "respect that in mine the shuttle is caused to rotate with a uniform speed. In the Bond macliine, also, the spool and thread-tension revolve with the shuttle, so that the twist of the.

shuttle-thread is either tightened or slackened, according to the direction of revolnt ion; hence the shuttle-thread is eontinually tending-to kink, while in my machine, as the spool and thread-tension do not revolve with the shuttle, the t-wist of the shuttle-thread is not affected by the operation of the machine.

Having thus described a machine embody ing all my improvements, what I clalm as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is'- 1 The combination of a reciprocating eyepointed needle for carrying one thread with a rotating hook-pointed shuttle by means of multiple gearing operating in such manner that the shuttle rotates two or more times as fast as the (rank-pin or its equivalent for im parting the reciprocating movement -to the needle, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a spool-bobbin with a rotating shuttle by means of a ventral spindie, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a rotating shuttle with a thread-tension for the shuttle-thread that remains stationary withinthe shuttle, snbstair tially as set forth.

4. The combination of a rotating shuttle with a thread-guard for theneedle-threzui. substa n tially as set forth.

The combinationiof a reciprocating eyepointed needle and rotating shuttle with a positive thread take-up operated by a rockshatt of the needle mechanism;Substantially as set t'orth.

, 6. The combination of the members for operating the needle with the rotatingshaft of'a. sewing-machine through the intervention of a crank, in connection with the combination of the spindle'for operating the rotating shuttle with the same rotating shatt through the intervention of gearing, substantially as setforth.

7 The combination of the rotating shuttle with the spindle, that operates it in such manner that the shuttle is located over the head of the spindle, and driven by a driver secured to saidspindle, substantially as set fort-h. r

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub- 

